Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2) were synthesized and then dual-coated with silane coupling agent (KH-570) and OP-\n10 in sequence in order to be dispersed stably in water as lubricant additives. The tribological properties and the application\nperformance in Q235 steel machining of the nanoparticles as water-based lubricant additiveswere investigated on anMSR-10D fourball\ntribotester and on a bench drilling machine, respectively. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and atomic force microscope\n(AFM) were used to analyze the worn surface. The results show that the surface-modified TiO2 nanoparticles can remarkably\nimprove the load-carrying capacity, the friction reducing, and anti wear abilities of pure water. The wear scar diameter and the\ncoefficient of friction of the water-based lubricating fluids with TiO2 nanoparticles decreased, and the thick deep furrows on the\nsurface of wear scar also decreased obviously with the increase of TiO2 concentration. The power consumption in drilling process\nwas lower and the cutting surface was smoother using the water-based lubricating fluids added TiO2 nanoparticles compared to\nthe fluid without addition. The reason for nanoparticles improving tribological properties of water based lubricating fluid might be\nthe formation of a dynamic deposition film during rubbing process according to analysis of the worn surface.
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